Archive Records

Raids and Pilgrims

Raids and Pilgrims

The surviving Irish annals make 1031 a year of hard edges: pilgrim kings returning from...

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Before the Deep Freeze

Approaching Last Glacial Maximum

31,935 BCE is a modern calendar label, not a date that can be recovered from...

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Fermanagh’s Mossy Pools

Fermanagh’s Mossy Pools

A Date Beyond Annals 31,899 BCE is a modern calendar label, not a year for...

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War Across the Shannon

War Across the Shannon

The surviving annals make 1132 one of the more vividly recorded years of Ireland’s early...

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Kingship Under Strain

Defeat at Ard Monann

The surviving annals make 1075 unusually revealing for an eleventh-century Irish year. They record a...

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A Kingdom Recast

Gofraid Expelled from Dublin

The year was a turning point in the recovery of Muirchertach Ua Briain, king of...

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A Fractured Lordship

Cathal Carrach Restored

In 1200, Ireland was not a single political unit governed from one capital. The island...

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Frontier, Faith and Succession

Frontier, Faith and Succession

Ireland in 1220 was not governed as a single political unit. The English crown claimed...

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Kingship and Sacred Guarantees

Kingship and Sacred Guarantees

Ireland in 1143 was dominated by the ambitions of Tairdelbach Ua Conchobair, king of Connacht...

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Hostages of the North

Hostages of the North

The surviving Irish annals make 1010 appear, at first glance, a year of deaths and...

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