The Last Hosting
Ireland in 1039 had no single ruler whose authority was accepted throughout the island. The...
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Donnchad Submits to Diarmait
The surviving record for 1060 is not a continuous national narrative. Irish annalists selected deaths,...
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Cork Cave-Bone Archive
The label 31,839 BCE cannot denote an event in Ireland in the way that a...
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Frontier, Faith and Succession
Ireland in 1220 was not governed as a single political unit. The English crown claimed...
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Niall’s Capture in Uí Maine
The surviving annals present 1163 as a year of strained authority rather than decisive conquest....
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Kings, Clergy and Cattle
In 1150 Ireland had no single government, capital or uncontested monarch. Instead, provincial rulers and...
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War Before Clontarf
Reading A Troubled Year The year 1013 in Ireland is best understood as a year...
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Power Across the Shannon
An Uneasy High-Kingship Ireland entered 1129 under the formidable but incomplete ascendancy of Toirdelbach Ua...
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A King on Campaign
The surviving annals portray 1126 as a year of exceptional royal movement, regional warfare and...
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Castlepook’s Mammoth Fauna
31,986 BCE cannot be treated as a date in the ordinary historical sense. No written...
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