The article highlights a compelling tension between ecological richness and archaeological uncertainty. Derryvree’s wetland evidence and Castlepook’s fauna show that parts of Ice Age Ireland supported complex, productive habitats, yet neither archive permits a precise reconstruction of a single year or confirms a resident human population. The possibly cut-marked reindeer bone is especially intriguing because it invites comparison with Upper Palaeolithic mobility elsewhere in Europe while remaining evidentially limited. How should researchers weigh such isolated indications of possible human activity alongside environmental and faunal records when considering whether Ireland was possibly intermittently visited, rather than continuously inhabited, during MIS 3?