Archive: Arthur Balfour

1880–1889 CE

Pigott, Armagh and Oisín

Pigott, Armagh and Oisín

The dominant political drama of the year was the Special Commission established to examine allegations published by The Times under the heading “Parnellism and Crime”. The accusations had sought to connect Parnell and other Irish parliamentary nationalists with agrarian violence and, most notoriously, with approval of the Phoenix Park murders of 1882. A letter purportedly written by Parnell appeared to excuse the killing of Lord Frederick Cavendish, chief secretary for Ireland, and Thomas Henry Burke, the permanent under-secretary. Parnell had denounced it from the beginning as a forgery.

Mitchelstown’s September Dead

Mitchelstown’s September Dead

Arthur James Balfour became chief secretary for Ireland on 7 March 1887. His appointment came after the failure of Gladstone’s first Home Rule Bill in 1886 and at a time when the Irish Parliamentary Party, led by Parnell, remained a formidable force at Westminster. Balfour’s answer to Irish unrest combined two apparently opposed approaches: exceptional powers against organised agrarian resistance, and limited concessions intended to ease defects in the land system.