Connacht in Crisis
The surviving record of 1082 is brief, uneven and dominated by violent deaths. Its clearest...
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Cave Sediment Chronologies
“31,932 BCE” is a modern calendar label, not a date that can be matched to...
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A Kingdom Changes Hands
The Shape of the Record The surviving Irish annals make 1064 unusually significant for Munster,...
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Elephant Hall Bone Sands
The label 31,912 BCE conveys a precision that the evidence cannot sustain. No community in...
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Brian’s Northern Ascendancy
The year 1011 falls in the last, formidable phase of Brian Bórama’s supremacy. The annals...
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Raids and Reckonings
The surviving record of 1056 is unusually revealing, though far from complete. Irish annals identify...
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A Femur in North Cork
The number 31,875 BCE gives an impression of precision that the evidence cannot sustain. No...
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The Shannon Barrier
A Year On The Defensive The Irish annals make 1001 look, at first glance, like...
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Castlepook’s Reindeer Passage
The label 31,898 BCE cannot identify a documented Irish event, a ruler, or even a...
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Fire and Foray
For Ireland, 1112 was not a year of a single decisive battle or royal succession....
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