Conflict at Sacred Centres
No ruler exercised secure authority over the whole island in 1038. Donnchad son of Brian Bóruma remained king of Munster and a claimant to wider supremacy, but his influence was challenged by powerful regional rulers. Conchobar Ua Máelshechlainn had established himself as king of Mide; Donnchad son of Gilla Pátraic dominated Osraige and much of Leinster; and Diarmait mac Maíl na mBó was building power among the Uí Chennselaig of south-eastern Leinster. Northern and Connacht kingdoms were similarly divided among dynasties whose leaders depended upon alliances, hostages, tribute and armed followings.