Wind And Bargains
Archived: 26 September 2026
In 1222, Ireland remained politically divided between Gaelic lordships and the Anglo-Norman lordship, whose authority was strongest in eastern and south-eastern towns and castles. Hugh de Lacy’s return exposed fragile royal control: Henry III restored some inherited lands but retained Ulster, while annals link de Lacy’s alliance with Áed Ó Néill to raids, Culrathain’s destruction and negotiated terms at Dundalk. An exceptional great wind damaged buildings, woods, churches and ships, disrupting rural, maritime and commercial life. Annals also record ecclesiastical deaths, elite benefaction and moral judgement. Farming, trade, kinship, warfare and religious institutions bound together a connected yet uneven society.