Hostings and Hired Swords
The most powerful ruler in Ireland was Tairdelbach Ua Briain, king of Munster and grandson of Brian Bórama. His position is often described as a high-kingship, but it depended upon repeated demonstrations of force and the submission of other rulers rather than a central administration. Provincial kings retained their own followers and territorial interests, while acknowledging an overlord only for as long as political circumstances required.