The Last Hosting
Ireland in 1039 had no single ruler whose authority was accepted throughout the island. The...
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Castlepook Cave Mammals
The label 31,942 BCE is a modern chronological convenience, not a date that can be...
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Niall’s Capture in Uí Maine
The surviving annals present 1163 as a year of strained authority rather than decisive conquest....
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Reindeer by the Awbeg
The label 31,863 BCE is a modern way of locating a point deep in the...
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Crown, Church and Cattle
In 1206 Ireland was not a single political unit but a patchwork of Gaelic kingdoms,...
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Before the Ice Maximum
The label 31,966 BCE should not be mistaken for a date at which Ireland can...
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Crag Cave Calcite Growth
Modern calendar precision cannot be carried back reliably to 31,965 BCE. The number is a...
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The Destruction of Kincora
The year opened in a kingdom unsettled by the death, in 1086, of Tairdelbach Ua...
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Foundation of Bective Abbey
The surviving record of 1147 is uneven, but it captures an Ireland in which military...
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Elephant Hall Bone Sands
The label 31,912 BCE conveys a precision that the evidence cannot sustain. No community in...
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