Hugh de Lacy’s Death
Ireland in 1186 was neither conquered nor politically united. Seventeen years after the first Anglo-Norman...
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Fire and Retribution
The surviving record of 1069 is unusually vivid but uneven. Irish annalists noted deaths among...
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Cork Animal Processing
The label 31,958 BCE must not be mistaken for a year that anyone in Ireland...
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Courtmacsherry Coastal Deposits
“31,940 BCE” is a modern label, not a year that can be recovered from Ireland’s...
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Niall’s Capture in Uí Maine
The surviving annals present 1163 as a year of strained authority rather than decisive conquest....
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Crag Cave’s Interstadial Drips
Modern calendar-year precision is not available for Ireland in 31,873 BCE. The label is a...
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Hostages and Holy Places
In 1048 Ireland had no single government capable of imposing lasting peace across the island....
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Kings, Clerics and Fire
The record of this year is unusually revealing, but it must be read with care....
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Castlepook’s Faunal Boundary
The label 31,866 BCE gives a misleading impression of precision. No Irish event can be...
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A Year of Raids
The surviving Irish chronicles present 1053 as a year of warfare conducted on several overlapping...
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