The Connacht commission shows how Restoration government addressed the human consequences of conquest through individual adjudication rather than broad restitution. Such rulings could secure a household’s livelihood and inheritance, yet they operated within a land settlement that largely favoured Protestant interests. The article also links uncertain titles to revenue, military finance and religious pressure, suggesting that legal administration was central to political stability. This raises an important interpretative question: to what extent did the 1675 commission provide practical relief for displaced Catholic families, and to what extent did it help make an unequal post-conquest settlement appear more settled and durable?