Hyaena Land at Castlepook

Before Wider Ice Cover

Some landscapes remained open, cold and biologically active even as the British-Irish Ice Sheet expanded. Tundra vegetation, freshwater habitats and large mammals formed part of this changing environment.

A Fragmentary Record

Later glaciation removed much of the earlier surface record. What survives must therefore be interpreted cautiously and at broad chronological scales.

Primary Sources

Research draws on Castlepook studies, Derryvree environmental evidence, BRITICE-CHRONO, National Museum collections and radiocarbon calibration research.